Global Car Subscription Market 2024-2030

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    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET

     

    KEY FINDINGS

    • The target demographic for this market will be 25-35 year olds, particularly new families across all regions.
    • The geographical target areas differ across regions based on a variety of factors such as median income, income of people, access to public transportation, and facilities associated with driving a personal vehicle such as parking, and others.
    • The demand for personal transportation is increasing while affordability is decreasing, paving the way for subscription services that will provide both personal transportation and affordable transportation.
    • Premium vehicle subscriptions may have an advantage over short-term subscriptions because long-term deals are not a concern and extra charges such as taxes and service are covered.
    • The status symbol associated with a car is losing relevance with a vehicle being looked into as a platform to reach from point A to point B.
    • The used car market has a lot to offer because it can collaborate with fleet operators and car subscription service providers to use the fleet they have.
    • The ability of an OEM to handle the manufacturing process as well as forecast demand for models and variants will be critical, as will their partnership with service providers and banks in terms of handling revenue.
    • OEMs are actively incorporating technologically advanced systems including vehicle access and reservation systems in their vehicles to gain prominence in the car subscription market.
    • In 2021, Volvo’s car subscription service, Care by Volvo delivered 2,500 cars to customers in its first year, accounting for 15% of all its UK retail sales
    • In January 2022, US based car subscription start-up GO has expanded its service into four new markets Atlanta, Dallas, Houston and Charlotte in US
    • Volvo announced the launch of its car subscription model to roll out in India.
    • Porsche added its first electric car to be used on subscription, the Taycan sports sedan in the US. 
    • BMW announced to end its subscription services from Nashville making the company the latest automaker to rescind its services.
    • Audi has also announced the end of its subscription services after a run of two years.
    • Cazoo acquired the rental car service provider Drover to expand and enter the car subscription market across Europe. The company also acquired Cluno, an independent leading flexible car subscription service provider based in Germany.

    INTRODUCTION

    Car subscriptions started making headlines in 2017 and by Q2-2018 end gathered full momentum. As of Dec 2020,more than 20 OEMs are offering or about to offer vehicles by subscription around the world.

    With the rise of Mobility-as-a-service, auto manufacturers are now increasingly trying car subscription services in small volumes to test consumer adoption in various regions.

     

    Before, we discuss about the car subscription market, lets discuss what could be the potential reason for OEMs to get into or not get into this business model.

     

     

    Global Car Subscription Market 2024-2030 1

     

    To know more about Global Electric Car Rental Market, read our report

     

    Pros

    1. Premium brands (Ex Porsche, Cadillac, Audi etc) can get a new set of young customers, who were otherwise intimidated by high sticker price and who would have probably bought a vehicle of that segment later in their life.
    2. Customers can switch models within the same brand after their subscription period is over
    3. People who stay at a place for short durations (1-6 months) can get a personal vehicle with all features covered
    4. COVID brought about a need for personalized vehicle especially in areas where public transport was primary source of transportation
    5. A blanket payment which covers service, insurance, and taxes are preferred among individuals new to the job market and new families as they won’t have to spend a lot upfront for a personalized vehicle

     

    Cons

    1. The pilot initiatives are limited to certain regions and a handful of countries only. The small sample size may not give true picture of consumer adoption worldwide
    2. Most of the car subscriptions are expensive (2X-3X of monthly lease amount for same car)
    3. At the end of the tenure, the vehicle doesn’t belong to the user thereby making it inefficient for long term usage and tenures
    4. The condition of a vehicle cannot be predicted due to wide user base thereby causing concerns among users
    5. Lack of customization choices for users will also be a turndown

     

    Getting a vehicle via subscription is more about convenience (reserved through app), flexibility (multiple short-term plans) that comes with low financial liability.

     

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET SEGMENTATION

    Vehicle subscription market segmentation

     

     

    To know more about Self-Drive Car Rental Market In India, read our report

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET DYNAMICS

     

    SI No Timeline Company Developments
    1 Feb 2022 Quikyz Maruti Suzuki, Indias largest four-wheeler manufacturer has partnered with Quiklyz by Mahindra Finance for its Subscribe program. With this partnership, the Maruti Suzuki subscription platform will be strengthened
    2 2021 Orix Volkswagen Passenger Cars India has announced a subscription-based car ownership model, in association with Orix. The brand had introduced the Power Lease program in association with Orix
    3 Feb 2022 Avis Fleet Online marketplace FlexClub is now allowing clients to hire automobiles from Avis Fleet, the leasing arm of Avis Budget Group, for a reduced price on longer-term subscriptions.

     

     

    SI no Timeline Company Developments
    1 December 2021 Cazoo The Europe’s leading car retailer Cazoo has further expanded its service in France and in Germany.
    2 November 2021 Nissan Nissan has partnered with Zoomcars and Orix in order to offer Nissan and Datsun cars under subscription.
    3 October 2021 Hertz Uber and Hertz have been partnered in order to add up 50,000 Teslas available by 2023 when using Uber Network.
    4 September 2021 Enterprise Car Club Enterprise has been partnered with Microsoft in order to bring connected car technology in Enterprise Car rental, exotic vehicles and commercial truck rental fleets in the US and soon in the UK and Canada.
    5 September 2021 Enterprise Car Club Enterprise Car Club and West Berkshire Council have been partnered to bring new transport service in Newbury. New Electric and hybrid vehicles are set at five locations in Newbury and available at low cost per hour.
    6 October 2021 Hertz In order to save customers time and money in buying the online cars, Hertz and Carvana have partnered to utilize Caravan’s online transaction technology and its network to expand vehicle channels.

     

    Revv, a Delhi-based shared mobility platform, has announced a new initiative called SWITCH, which allows customers to subscribe to a curated fleet of cars on a month-by-month or year-by-year basis. 

     

    Revv says that this is Asia’s first multi-brand car subscription platform, and that it is attempting to re-imagine the century-old tradition of car ownership.

     

     Revv received Series A funding from Edelweiss Private Equity and has since expanded its regional reach to include Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Jaipur, and Vishakapatnam.

     

    The mainstream adoption of shared mobility will increasingly rely on an ecosystem of services coming together to meet the full set of needs of someone who wishes to switch to a shared mobility lifestyle rather than traditional car ownership. 

     

    While cabs and hourly self-drive rentals have progressively well-served various use-cases, there is a significant vacuum in services dedicated to longer-term mobility.

     

    TOP 10 SUBSCRIBED CAR MODEL IN UK – 2021

     

    SL NO OEM MODEL
    1 Volkswagen Golf
    2 Tesla Model 3
    3 Renault ZOE
    4 Hyundai Ioniq
    5 Volkswagen ID.3
    6 Vauxhall Corsa
    7 Jaguar Land Rover Range Rover
    8 Fiat 500
    9 Volkswagen Tiguan
    10 Nissan Leaf

    OEMS OFFERING OR ABOUT TO OFFER CAR SUBSCRIPTION- AUG 2021

     

    infographic: Car Subscription Market , Car Subscription Market Size, Car Subscription Market Trends, Car Subscription Market Forecast, Car Subscription Market Risks, Car Subscription Market Report, Car Subscription Market Share

     

    SL NO OEM SUBSCRIPTION PARTNER REGION
    1 Polestar Polestar space

    (low cost, high tech retail outlet)

    US and Canada
    2 Porsche Clutch Technologies US and Canada (Upcoming)
    3 Audi Group 1 Automotive, Sixt Europe
    4 Cadillac Select dealers US,Switzerland (upcoming)and Germany (upcoming))
    5 Volvo Select dealers US and UK
    6 Hyundai, Genesis Revv(India), Select dealers US, South Korea and India
    7 Volkswagen Zoomcar,Drover(UK) India and UK
    8 Nissan Zoomcar India
    9 Mahindra & Mahindra Zoomcar India
    10 MG Motors (SAIC) Myles India
    11 Renault Zoomcar, Drover India,UK
    12 Jaguar Land Rover Inmotion Ventures UK
    13 Lexus Select dealers US
    14 Toyota Kinto, Myles India
    15 Ford & Lincoln Canvas US
    16 Jeep Select dealers US
    17 PSA Wagonex, Hellocars and Drover UK,Australia
    18 Kia Motors Select dealers Hellocars South Korea, Australia
    19 Maruti Suzuki Orix, Myles, ALD Automotive India
    20 Tata Motors Orix India

    COVID-19 IMPACT ON CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET

    As we all know by now that COVID-19 has severely impacted all markets and industries worldwide, and the car Industry declined in Q1-2020 at an extremely rapid pace. Auto sales could decline by as much as ~20% for full year 2020. That is a grave challenge for the century old car ownership-based business model. But, what will that mean for the car subscription market? We look at multiple scenarios below

     

    Scenario 1:  Certain urban consumers who were earlier used to Mobility as a Service or Public transport and come out of this pandemic, relatively unaffected financially could be the new customers of car subscription as now public transport will operate with reduced capacity and increased fear of usage

    Scenario 2: Car OEMs start offering 0% finance in developed markets (US and Europe) with 84-month lease payments as a norm. If car subscription companies could bring down the subscription prices in a comparable range of monthly lease payments then they have a real chance of wooing a customer who is not interested in more than a yearlong commitment of paying monthly lease.

    Scenario 3: Car rental operators could introduce car subscription at a reasonable rate to compensate the reduced bookings to improve their cashflow

     Scenario 4: People new to the job market and recently employed looking for a new vehicle will opt for subscription to avoid breaking the bank for their first vehicle

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET SIZE AND FORECAST

     

    As of Dec 2020, US, UK, Australia and India appear to be the focal points of car subscription.

     

    Among the four countries mentioned above, India’s inclusion would surprise all Industry stakeholders because India`s car ownership is amongst world`s lowest at ~22 cars per 1,000 inhabitants. But India is also a very young country and very high traffic congestion in all 8 tier-1 cities in India has made car ownership a liability who just want to get from point A to point B without associated driver fatigue.

     

    infographic: Car Subscription Market , Car Subscription Market Size, Car Subscription Market Trends, Car Subscription Market Forecast, Car Subscription Market Risks, Car Subscription Market Report, Car Subscription Market Share

     

    In US, 80-85% of vehicles are either bought on finance/lease, which typically includes an average down payment of $3,000-$5,000 and a monthly payment of $400-$700.This might seem ok to people from earlier generation where car ownership was the only option but the millennials , many of whom are burdened with student loans find it a strain on their finances and thus could prefer the subscription model.

     

    The future of car subscription market will also be impacted by the arrival of L3/L4 automated vehicles, consumers who need this kind of service, are typically not very keen on driving themselves and want maximum convenience with low financial liability.

     

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET TRENDS

    SI no Timeline Company Developments
    1 February 2022 Genesis Genesis has launched a subscription service called Genesis Flexibility in the UK. Starting from £599 a month with a minimum six-month term, Genesis Flexibility covers all cars in the premium luxury brand line-up. 
    2 December 2021 Tesla Tesla has enabled in-car purchases and subscription through its latest round of software updates, giving the chance to give more money for more things like Premium Subscription and more.
    3 November 2021 Mahindra Finance Mahindra Finance has launched the vehicle leasing and subscription service known as “Quiklyz” in order to make car purchase easier and simple.
    4 October 2021 Stellantis Stellantis is expanding its all-inclusive Free2Move Car On Demand monthly car subscription service to the UK. Free2Move was already available in Washington DC and Los Angeles as well as in France, Spain and Portugal
    5 October 2021 Europcar Europcar has launched a new vehicle subscription service called Duo Flex service offering cars including electric cars, vans and offers a one month minimum contract, with no penalty clause beyond the initial month’s rental.  
    6 August 2021 Hyundai Motor Hyundai Motor UK has launched a new Mocean all-inclusive vehicle subscription model offering motorists a fully taxed, insured and maintained car for a single monthly payment. 
    7 August 2021 Enterprise Car Club Enterprise Car Club has introduced eight new low-emission hybrid electric cars in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. So, people are able to book using the new and ground-breaking GO-HI journey planning app.
    8 July 2021 Enterprise Car Club Enterprise Car Club has been ranked as the largest fleet management provider in the US. In 2020 the fleet experienced 4% growth and continues to expand its portfolio and achieved a recent milestone of 500,000 vehicles on lease.
    9 July 2021 Enterprise Car Club At Malta’s International Airport,Enterprise Car Club has opened its first branch of vehicle leasing and rental business. The branch will allow EHI’s three rental businesses- Enterprise Rent-A-Car, National Car rental and Alamo Rent A Car.
    10 July 2021 Hertz At the start of July 1 2021, customers who join the award winning Hertz Gold Plus Rewards loyalty program will automatically get upgraded to Five star elite status for the remainder of the year.
    11 February 2021 Enterprise Car Club Enterprise Car Club has announced that they had completed the roll out of Accelerated Customer Experience(ACE) digital platform. This will allow the ECC customers to purchase the used cars easily from their home or at any Enterprise Car Sales in US locations.

     

    • Some companies which provide car subscription services such as Drover Limited, OpenRoad Auto Group, Facedrive Inc, Porsche AG and Fair Financial Corp. have introduced websites as well as applications for mobile phones for customers to avail the services through digital platforms.
    • In July 2021,  IMOVE, a company based in Norway was founded in 2018 and it closed a funding round raising $22.3 million in series A. The round was led by pan-European online car market AutoScout24 with VCs Norselab and Idekapital. The company is set to expand its automotive subscription service in Europe.
    • In June 2020, Volvo announced the launch of its car subscription model to roll out in India.
    • In March 2021, Porsche added its first electric car to be used on subscription, the Taycan sports sedan in the US. The company is also expanding its subscription and rental programs to five more cities.
    • In February 2021, the company Maruti Suzuki partnered with ALD Automotive India for the car subscription service.
    • In January 2021, BMW announced to end its subscription services from Nashville making the company the latest automaker to rescind its services.
    • January 2021, the automaker Audi has also announced the end of its subscription services after a run of two years due to low demand.
    • In October 2020, Toyota Motors joined hands with Myles Automotive Technologies in an attempt to expand its car subscription service in the cities of Mumbai, Delhi and Bengaluru.
    • August 2020, MG Motors has announced partnership with Zoomcar for vehicle subscription services and also to provide 24×7 support to their customer base.
    • July 2020, Jaguar Land Rover announced the launch of a premium car subscription service Pivotal where both Jaguar as well as Land Rover cars – Land Rover Discovery and Range Rover Sport will be available for subscription.
    • July 2020, Mercedes Benz USA has also announced to end its subscription service protocol from the cities of Nashville, Atlanta and Philadelphia due to low level of demand.
    • In the early months of 2020, Hyundai Motors launched the subscription based business model in India. The model operates in across six cities with partnership with the company Revv.

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET RECENT LAUNCH

    GO, a pioneering car subscription service, has announced the entrance of four new markets. GO is now available in eight major American cities. Philadelphia, Northern New Jersey, Miami, Orlando, Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, and Charlotte are among these cities.

     

    Unlike traditional auto leasing and finance, GO’s approach provides customers with a straightforward and economical way to buy a car.

     

    Customers in eligible areas can order their car totally online in under 5 minutes and save up to 25% per month using the service. There is no deposit required, and there are no hidden costs. The entire procedure is carried out virtually, with no need to visit a physical site. In most situations, cars are delivered free of charge to the customer’s home.

     

    Unlike prior car subscriptions that focused on exchanging vehicles and short-term use, GO is the first startup to offer a car subscription service intended particularly toward daily drivers. GO’s revolutionary approach provides evolution to the industry and represents a new paradigm for car shopping, with substantial advantages over the traditional car buying procedure.

     

    Due to its ease and flexibility, car subscription services have grown in popularity in recent years. Users of these services can access a car for a monthly fee without having to buy or lease it. It’s a fantastic alternative for people who need a car temporarily or don’t want to commit to a long-term lease or purchase.

     

    With the introduction of new services, car subscription services are now much more available. These services provide a wide range of features and advantages, making it simpler for consumers to locate the ideal vehicle for their requirements.

     

    SIXT+ is yet another brand-new auto subscription service. This service offers a variety of vehicles from upscale manufacturers including Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, and Audi and is accessible in both the United States and Europe.

     

    Clients have a selection of vans, SUVs, and cars to choose from. Customers who use this service can exchange automobiles up to four times each month with customizable terms.

     

    Zipcar is a choice for people who want to borrow a car on a temporary basis. In the US, Canada, and Europe, this service is accessible.

     

    A variety of vehicles are available through Zipcar, including sedans, SUVs, and vans. For as little as an hour or as long as seven days, customers can rent cars. Zipcar also offers a number of discounts and perks.

     

    Those who don’t want to commit to a long-term automobile lease or purchase will find these new car subscription services to be excellent alternatives. Many options are available, such as adjustable periods and a selection of discounts and prizes. Customers can obtain an automobile with the help of these services without making a commitment to a lengthy lease or purchase.

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION

     

    S No Company Name Development
    1 ALD  ALD Ugo Subscribe offers a quick escape option. Benefits of a temporary mobility option with a simple exit after six months. without any fees for early termination for pre-runner contracts. vehicle on demand. On ALD Automotive registration, vehicles from ALD’s fleet are immediately available and can be delivered as soon as one week. Test-drive service is available at the door (at home or at work).  

     

    Automakers are developing novel and repulsive strategies to extract more money from their customers as the cost of producing automobiles rises and profit margins contract. 

     

    The most recent attempt to charge individuals for items their car already has is subscription-based access to features like heated seats or remote-start key fobs. Whether buyers will simply accept it is the question.  

     

    Since cars now contain more computers and software than ever before, automakers can quickly add new features or fix issues via over-the-air software upgrades. This has also given these automakers additional revenue streams.

     

     Volkswagen, Toyota, Audi, Cadillac, Porsche, and Tesla have also experimented with subscription models for certain options, such as driver-assist features or voice recognition.

     

    The majority of the subscription plans appear to be from luxury manufacturers, which makes sense given that their consumers are largely wealthy and can more readily swallow an annual or monthly charge. 

     

    According to industry analysts, subscriptions are coming to mass-market vehicles as mainstream manufacturers seek new revenue streams to help support their massively expensive plans to produce electrified, connected, and autonomous vehicles. 

     

    In the United States, General Motors has around 16 million vehicles on the road, about a quarter of which incorporate features for which customers pay subscription fees. 

     

    Finn began selling subscriptions in Germany and now serves the Northeast and mid-Atlantic areas. Prices are extremely affordable compared to standard leases and, in certain cases, result in significant savings when all fees are taken into account, especially for pricey pickup trucks and SUVs. 

     

    No activation fee, security deposit, or down payment are required. While Finn does provide up to 1500 miles for an additional cost, the mileage cap is lower than those of other services. There are subscription lengths ranging from six months to a year. Swaps are not permitted.

     

    Outside of Porsche Drive, Sixt+, a division of the German rental company that specialized in luxury vehicles, has the most exclusive, sought-after automobiles. 

     

    It’s especially helpful if they live in a big city and require a modern vehicle for at least a month. The limits include a minimum age requirement of 21 (18 in New York), one swap each month, no delivery, mileage restrictions that vary by automobile, a security deposit requirement, and the exact car is not guaranteed.

     

    Fully maintained vehicle with maintenance, roadside assistance, and insurance management handled by ALD for the duration of the contract. 

     

    Simple digital onboarding with minimal paperwork. a rapid, digital credit check that is brief.  Prior to being recognized as ready-to-drive, ALD registered automobiles are quality-assured pre-leased vehicles that have undergone meticulous professional inspection, extra care during refurbishment, and good maintenance.

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

    SI No Timeline Company Developments
    1 Dec 2021 Zoomcar India’s Zoomcar raises $92 million to expand its car rental marketplace to new markets
    2 Oct 2021 GO Car subscription startup GO has raised $41 million in seed round funding. GO will use this capital to grow its fleet and expand its car subscription service across the US
    3 July 2021 Onto Onto, a U.K.-based electric vehicle subscription firm, has raised $175 million in a combined equity and debt Series B financing, which it hopes to use to expand both within the country and into foreign markets.
    4 Jan 2021 Drover UK’s Drover raises $26M to take its car subscription marketplace to Europe

     

    SI no Timeline Company Sales
    1 Q3-2021 Hertz At the end of third quarter the total revenue of Hertz was $1.9 billion and in the previous year the revenue was $892 million.
    2 Q3-2021 LMP Subscription The third quarter total revenue of LMP Subscription was $141,432882 and in 2020 the revenue was $13,371,337.
    3 Q3-2021 Cazoo The revenue of Cazoo at the end of third quarter was £174.4 million and in 2020 the revenue was £47.5 million.

     

    UK based Drover and India based Zoomcar have partnered with multiple OEMs for subscription services. Hyundai and Mahindra subscription is available in India through its partner(Revv).Myles have combined with Maruti Suzuki, Toyota, and MG to provide subscriptions in India. In the UK Jaguar Land Rover have combined with InMotion to provide subscriptions.

     

    Going forward, we believe there is scope for tech companies like Drover, Zoom car to scale the vehicle subscription services to many more cities. Although, there will be push back from dealer bodies but many of them just don’t have the required infrastructure to support a revolutionary business model like this.

     

     Fleet operators have an important role to play in providing subscription services along with rental car companies. They have vehicles which remain unused for long stretches which will see increased utility if they are used in subscription. They can set up the entity by themselves as well as combine with tech companies.

     

    Companies also offer the platform for individuals to provide a vehicle for subscription and get payment for their vehicle. It can be a fixed monthly payment or based on a commission basis. This allows multiple partners in this industry ranging from OEMs to technology companies to fleet and rental companies to individuals

     

    infographic: Car Subscription Market , Car Subscription Market Size, Car Subscription Market Trends, Car Subscription Market Forecast, Car Subscription Market Risks, Car Subscription Market Report, Car Subscription Market Share

     

    The company Cazoo based in the UK acquired the rental car service provider Drover to expand and enter the car subscription market across Europe in December 2020. In July 2020, Drover already raised $28.29 million which put the total funds in the company at approximately $41.4 million by the end of the year 2020. The acquisition will provide customers to subscribe to a car paying a monthly fee or even buy the car according to the existing business model of Cazoo.

     

    The company in January 2021 also announced plans of going public at a valuation of approximately $6.9 billion. Shortly after the announcement, in February 2021 the company also acquired Cluno, an independent leading flexible car subscription service provider based in Germany. The agreement enables Cazoo to access Cluno’s subscription platform and user database to accelerate expansion into Europe.

     

    Hertz Global announced the financial results for the second quarter of the year 2021. The company has generated total revenue worth $1.9 billion for the second quarter which is a significant 62% increase from the revenue of the previous quarter. The company in May 2021, announced the sale of its wholly owned subsidiary Donlen Corporation to Athene Holding Limited at $891 million.

     

    The agreement incorporates Donlen’s fleet management expertise with Athene’s strategic business model to achieve success and expand in the near future. The company announced that it has secured financing for its fleet worth $4 billion by filing a motion in the US Bankruptcy Court in the District of Delaware. The company is planning to renew its rental fleet by the end of the year 2021 by purchase of approximately 229,000 vehicles.

     

    LMP Automotive Holding announced the results for the second quarter of the year 2021, where their total revenue increased from $132.3 million for the second quarter of the year 2020 to $140 million. The overall gross profit also increased by $25 million to 26.4 million for the second quarter of the year 2021 year on year.

     

    The company in August 2021, announced acquisition for a Kia dealership in New York and Connecticut which will generate approximately $82 million and $40 million annually in revenues respectively. It has also announced acquisition of Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram dealership in New York as well as acquisition of General Motor and Nissan dealerships in Texas

     

    Maruti Suzuki India Limited has extended its vehicle subscription programme in four more cities of the country namely, Indore, Jaipur, Mysore and Mangalore. Now the service will be available in a total of nineteen cities, for the subscription services, the company has partnered with ALD Automotive India, Myles Automotive Technologies as well as Orix Auto Infrastructure Services.

     

    CAR SUBSCRIPTION MARKET COMPANY PROFILES

     

    THIS REPORT WILL ANSWER FOLLWING QUESTIONS

    1. Can vehicle subscription be rolled out by car manufacturers on a global scale? If yes then which segments and regions will be the top choices?
    2. Which price point and vehicle segment offers good value to vehicle subscribers?
    3. Who are the leading players so far, key differentiation in their business model?
    4. Is there a possibility to offer expensive electric vehicles via subscription? If yes, then in which region?
    5. What is the estimated car subscription market size and forecast for 2024-2030?
    6. Who are the consumers of vehicle subscription? How do they differ based on region? What are their other mobility requirements
    7. What are the major paint points of vehicle subscribers, globally and how it can be addressed by subscription providers?
    8. Role of tech companies in roll out of subscription model, how will the role of dealers change and are they ready to accept the change in consumer behaviour?
    Sl no Topic
    1 Market Segmentation
    2 Scope of the report
    3 Abbreviations
    4 Research Methodology
    5 Executive Summary
    6 Introduction
    7 Insights from Industry stakeholders
    8 Cost breakdown of Product by sub-components and average profit margin
    9 Disruptive innovation in the Industry
    10 Technology trends in the Industry
    11 Consumer trends in the industry
    12 Recent Production Milestones
    13 Component Manufacturing in US, EU and China
    14 COVID-19 impact on overall market
    15 COVID-19 impact on Production of components
    16 COVID-19 impact on Point of sale
    17 Market Segmentation, Dynamics and Forecast by Geography, 2024-2030
    18 Market Segmentation, Dynamics and Forecast by Product Type, 2024-2030
    19 Market Segmentation, Dynamics and Forecast by Application, 2024-2030
    20 Market Segmentation, Dynamics and Forecast by End use, 2024-2030
    21 Product installation rate by OEM, 2023
    22 Incline/Decline in Average B-2-B selling price in past 5 years
    23 Competition from substitute products
    24 Gross margin and average profitability of suppliers
    25 New product development in past 12 months
    26 M&A in past 12 months
    27 Growth strategy of leading players
    28 Market share of vendors, 2023
    29 Company Profiles
    30 Unmet needs and opportunity for new suppliers
    31 Conclusion
    32 Appendix