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Wheels must be strong enough to support the vehicle and withstand the forces caused by normal operation. At the same time, they must be as light as possible, to help keep unsprung weight to a minimum. Wheels can be made from cast aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy. Alloy wheels are popular because of their appearance and because they are lighter than similar steel wheels.
Light weighting of automobile vehicles is a significant application trend, using magnesium alloy wheels valuable way. When designing wheels, two major factors must be considered, such as safety and engineering standards.
The wheel mainly consists of rim and spokes. To ensure correct fit between a tyre and rim, all manufacturers of wheels and tyres comply with standard dimensions, as recommended by automotive manufacturers. The width of the rim is the distance across the rim flanges, at the bead seat. Its diameter is the distance across the centre of the rim from bead seat to bead seat.
The wheel centre must accurately locate the wheel rim centrally on the axle. It must also provide the required distance from the centreline of the wheel to the face of the mounting flange. This allows the inside of the wheel center to be shaped to provide space for the brake assembly, usually located inside the wheel. Ventilation slots allow air to circulate around the brakes.
The demands placed on future electric vehicle tires and mileage are of most essential requirements. Tires themselves can have a huge effect on EV range and so can wheels. Multiple tests have shown that swapping out stock low rolling-resistance tires and aerodynamic wheels for aftermarket items can decrease range, although it can also improve handling.
Wider tires are generally considered to be better for handling, because more width means a larger contact patch, and thus more grip. But wider tires also increase a car’s frontal area increasing aerodynamic drag. There have also been recent developments in the market focused upon hit wheel technologies for Electric based cars in specific.
The Active Wheel is essentially a standard wheel that houses a pair of electric motors. One of the motors spins the wheel and transmits power to the ground, while the other acts as an active suspension system to improve comfort, handling, and stability. The system is designed for battery or fuel-cell powered electric vehicles, and the technology is such that a vehicle equipped with it will no longer need any gearbox, clutch, transmission shaft, universal joint, or anti-roll bar.
At the moment, it looks that in-wheel motors can give benefits in a variety of areas. Traction and stability control are implemented in conventional cars by slowing down the wheel that is spinning faster than it should. However, such a method is sluggish to respond and is restricted to delivering restraining force.
The Global Electric Vehicle Wheels Market can be segmented into following categories for further analysis.
Electric cars have lately received attention as potential solutions to environmental concerns such as global warming, air pollution, and energy issues such as fossil fuel depletion. Electric cars with in-wheel motors have driving motors embedded in the wheels, allowing power to be transferred to the tyres without the use of a differential gear and drive shaft.
The recent technology innovation has been through the integration of the In Wheel Motors being placed at all operational conditions in an EV. In-wheel motors can decrease vehicle part count, complexity, and expense while also providing integrated power electronics, total design flexibility, and the possibility for greater regenerative braking (reducing battery size and cost or increasing range).
These benefits, when combined, provide a tipping point for OEM adoption of in-wheel-motor technology, providing them with an immediate chance to construct bigger e-vehicles. In-wheel motors, also known as hub motors, give drivers improved torque response, enhanced handling, faster acceleration, less charging and greater range.
There has also been the recent introduction of the ACRIM Wheels. ACRIM-Wheel, the world’s first commercially viable, low cost, lightweight, all composite wheel for niche and electric vehicle applications. Carbon fibre wheels have less inertia when they move, hitting a bump and returning to their starting position rather than being launched over it, too however small a degree.
Wheels must be strong enough to support the vehicle and withstand the forces caused by normal operation. At the same time, they must be as light as possible, to help keep un-sprung weight to a minimum. The tyre provides a cushion between the vehicle and the road to reduce the transmission of road shocks. It also provides friction to allow the vehicle to perform its normal operations. Modern tyres are manufactured from a range of materials.
In the most recent trends, the lightweight rim technology and wheel-based integrations are being done to have enhanced mileage and operating efficiency. Maxion Wheels has recently introduced the Aluminium based wheels for E vehicles into the market. They have integrated and developed the Reduced Rim Technology (RRT): a proven and proprietary optimization process that removes structurally unnecessary material from the wheel without compromising its robustness or functionality.
Nissan Motors on a global scale has presented its most recent integration of the in-wheel motor as a type of EV (electric vehicle) drive system. It has made an effort into technological presentation of the Wheels being used intact with the motors. The in-wheel motor EV, though, installs motors right around each of the driving wheels to directly power the wheels.
Protean Drive has also integrated itself through the power electronics to have better wheel motors brought into the market. Protean Drive in-wheel motors have integrated power electronics and digital control. It has made efforts to remove efficiency losses associated with gear, differential and CV joints situated around the vehicle. Total vehicle weight is also reduced.