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Theophylline, also known as one , three-dimethylxanthine, is a phosphodiesterase inhibiting drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma under a variety of brand names.
As a member of the xanthine family, it bears structural and pharmacological similarity to theobromine and caffeine, and is readily found in nature, being present in tea (Camellia sinensis) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao). A small amount of theophylline is one of the products of caffeine metabolic processing in the liver.
The use of theophylline is complicated by its interaction with various drugs and by the fact that it has a narrow therapeutic window (< twenty mcg/mL). Its use must be monitored by direct measurement of serum theophylline levels to avoid toxicity.
It can also cause nausea, diarrhea, increase in heart rate, abnormal heart rhythms, and CNS excitation (headaches, insomnia, irritability, dizziness and lightheadedness). Seizures can also occur in severe cases of toxicity, and are considered to be a neurological emergency. Its toxicity is increased by erythromycin, cimetidine, and fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin.
Some lipid-based formulations of theophylline can result in toxic theophylline levels when taken with fatty meals, an effect called dose dumping, but this does not occur with most formulations of theophylline.
Theophylline toxicity can be treated with beta blockers. In addition to seizures, tachyarrhythmias are a major concern. Theophylline should not be used in combination with the SSRI fluvoxamine.
The Global Theophylline Market accounted for $XX Billion in 2022 and is anticipated to reach $XX Billion by 2030, registering a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2030.
ALKEM THEOPHYLLINE – THEOPHYLLINE is a respiratory medicine which belongs to the class of ‘Xanthine’ primarily used for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Asthma is a breathing problem in which airways narrow, swell and may produce extra mucus which may lead to breathing difficulty and triggering cough, a whistling sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness of breath.
COPD is a group of progressive lung diseases, most commonly emphysema (shortness of breath) and chronic bronchitis (inflammation and irritation of bronchial tubes). Initially, it may be mild but in severe cases, it can lead to total blockage of airways and damage to the lungs.
THEOPHYLLINE contains Theophylline, which helps in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Theophylline works by relaxing the airway in the lungs and making it easier to breathe. In addition to this, theophylline also helps in treating the symptoms and hence making it easier to treat. It is generally a long-term treatment.
