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INTRODUCTION
A zinc oxide nanorod sensor or ZnO nanorod sensor is an electronic or optical device detecting presence of certain gas or liquid molecules (e.g. humidity,NO, hydrogen,] etc.) in the ambient atmosphere.
The sensor exploits enhanced surface area (and thus surface activity) intrinsic to all nano-sized materials, including ZnO nanorods. Adsorption of molecules on the nanorods can be detected through variation of the nanorods’ properties, such as photoluminescence, electrical conductivity, vibration frequency, mass, etc.
The simplest and thus most popular way is to pass electrical current through the nanorods and observe its changes upon exposure to gas. Synthesis can be obtained by a hydrothermal method using Molar solution of hexamine and Zinc nitrate solution kept together for two and half days in an autoclave at certain degree Celsius.
Among various kinds of ZnO allotropes, the ZnO nanorods (NRs) has attracted much attention because of its wide applications in light emitting diodes and lasers , light detectors , photocatalytic applications, solar cells , gas sensors , and power nanogenerators.
GLOBAL ZINC OXIDE NANOROD SENSOR MARKET SIZE AND FORECAST
The Global Zinc oxide nanorod sensor market accounted for $XX Billion in 2022 and is anticipated to reach $XX Billion by 2030, registering a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2030.
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MDPI SMF 28 – The concept of the sensor design is based on single-mode–multimode–single-mode (SMS) fiber structure. The single-mode fiber acts as a waveguide for delivering light from the source to the sensing region and then to the detector, which is the spectrometer.
It is utilized for recording the intensity spectra. On the other hand, the ZnO nanorods-coated multimode fiber acts as a sensing region.
The multimode fiber (MMF) or coreless silica fiber (CSF) allows higher interaction of light at the sensor surface. This occurs due to the removal of the cladding region and hence we achieve a small index contrast between the fiber and the surrounding medium that allows a larger number of modes propagating inside the fiber compared with standard MMFs.
SMF 28 was used as a single-mode fiber (SMF). Coreless silica fiber (CSF) with a diameter of 125 µm was used as a multimode fiber (MMF) region in the SMS optical fiber sensor structure.
Sumitomo Electric Z2C core alignment fusion splicer and Sumitomo Electric FC-6S fiber cleaver were used for fiber assembly. For the hydrothermal growth process of ZnO nanorods, zinc acetate dihydrate (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, CAS number 5970-45-6), zinc nitrate hexahydrate [Zn (NO3)2.6H2O]
(Ajax Finechem Pty Ltd., New South Wales, Australia, CAS number 10196-18-6) and hexamethylenetetramine or HMT [(CH2)6N4] (Sigma-Aldrich, Bangkok, Thailand, CAS number 100-97-0) were used. All the chemicals were of analytical grade and used without further purification.
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