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A Brushless DC motor or BLDC motor is a kind of synchronous motor with no brushes. It is powered by a D.C. supply and commutated electronically. A controller provides a pulse that is used to control the speed and torque of the motor.
It consists of two parts: a Stator and a rotor. The rotor is a permanent magnet and the Stator consists of stator windings. The magnetic force of stator winding drives the permanent magnets of the rotor. BLDC consists of an electronic controller in which a sensor is used to detect the position of the rotor, and correspondingly, the controller energizes the coil of the Stator.
BLDC motors possess many advantages such as
As the name suggests, the rotor is located inside the motor surrounded by stator windings. Since the rotor is located in the center and Stator winding outside, heat gets quickly dissipated. This, in turn, increases the performance of the motor and produces more torque. High-performance magnets are used to obtain high magnetic flux using small magnets. Since the rotor is small, it can respond quickly. It has a small moment of inertia and is used where compact and higher motor output
In this motor design, the rotor surrounds the stator winding (located in the Centre). Permanent magnets being used as the rotor doesn’t have to be downsized, which eases the coil winding process. The rotor insulates the heat inside and does not allow for heat dissipation, which in turn generates low torque and is operated at low-rated currents. The rotating motor shaft has a high moment of inertia.
Brushless DC motors are used in EVs (electric vehicles), and hybrid vehicles along with a few types of transporters. Electric Bicycles, self-balancing scooter wheels, and electrically powered R.C. models have been using brushless motors for some time now because of their high efficiency. Few parts in a car where BLDC motors are used-
The application of brushless D.C. motors mainly focuses on manufacturing engineering and industrial automation design. In manufacturing, BLDC motors are primarily used for the motion control system, positioning, and actuation systems.
Because of their high power density, high efficiency, better speed-torque characteristics, varied speed ranges, and low maintenance, Brushless DC motors are considered for many manufacturing applications. The most common uses of brushless D.C. motors include servo motors, linear motors, actuators, drive motors and feed drives for CNC machine tools.
BLDC motors are in massive demand in HVAC systems because of their high efficiency in the airflow system. HVAC systems are becoming popular in Asia Pacific countries like China and India. This is likely to increase the market for BLDC motors in this region. New projects under construction, worth billions of dollars, have been expected in North America and the Asia Pacific region. Substantial requirements of the HVAC system will thrive in the BLDC motor market in these regions.
