GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKET

INTRODUCTION

Emissions from automobiles contributed to more than half of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. Therefore, it makes sense that automotive OEMs are focusing on cleaner and more efficient engines.

In a combustion engine, one of the most efficient strategies for injecting fuel into the cylinder is the Gasoline Direct Injection or the GDI type of fuel injection. Basically in a GDI type of injection, the gasoline is highly pressurized, and injected via a common rail fuel line directly into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, as opposed to conventional multipoint fuel injection that injects fuel into the intake tract or cylinder port.

Increase in demand for fuel efficient, high performance and low emission vehicles combined with stringent regulations is driving the need for improvement and implementation of GDI strategies in new vehicles. Some of the significant advantages of GDI are engine downsizing, improved engine performance & thermal efficiency, high fuel efficiency, turbocharging, and significant reduction in emission.

Nevertheless, challenges lie in being able to address the challenges of GDI for its high cost and high particulate emission through exhaust systems.  

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKET DYNAMICS

The global GDI market is expected to grow at roughly 9.2% CAGR until 2026 due to the current ongoing need to improve efficiency of combustion engines. In 2020, the global gasoline direction injection market was valued at about USD XXbillion and is expected to reach USD 9.7 Billion by next year.

Many auto manufacturers including BMW, Audi, Daimler, Volvo are implementing GDI strategies to make their gasoline engines more and more efficient, and therefore the demand for GDI systems is expected to surely see an increase in demand in the upcoming years.

COVID IMPACT ON GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION MARKET

The COVID-19 pandemic has hit some of the sectors severely while others have maintained a steady growth. In the GDI systems market the key players have faced significant challenges due to the lockdowns disrupting the transportation and automotive sector. The market has also been affected by the weakened economies across the globe, reduction in manufacturing and production as well as disrupted sales in the automotive sector.

The reduced productivity and sales in the automotive sector as well as the shortage in supply has resulted in the short-term reduction in growth. However, with the automotive industry booming in the Asia-Pacififc and European regions, the market is likely to recover by the year 2021 as the pandemic subsides.

With the relaxation in regulations the automotive sector has started to recover, the company Stanadyne, a leading manufacturer of diesel fuel injector systems has reported a revenue of over $500 million for the fiscal year ending in March 2021.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEMMARKET SIZE AND FORECAST

The global gasoline direct injection system market is estimated to grow at the rate of CAGR XX% and reach the worth of $XX billion by the year 2030. The market is driven primarily by the growing demand for high performance as well as fuel efficient vehicles that promote zero emissions to reduce the carbon footprint of consumers.

In the year 2020, the Chinese government announced incentive policies as well as reduction in cost for the purchase of electric vehicles. These incentives provided by governments across the globe to support E-mobility have hindered the growth of this sector.

The market for the GDI system globally is led by the European Union which pertains to the strict regulation policies and norms to achieve low emission targets and fuel efficiency. The Asia Pacific region is also expected to grow at a positive rate in the coming years due to increased interest of automakers in this sector.

The governments around the globe are regulating emission policies that are influencing technological developments in the automotive sector. The European Union has made commitment as per the Paris Agreement and set a target to achieve 40% lower greenhouse gas emission as compared to the levels in 1990s by the year 2030. It has also set the target to reach net zero-emission by the year 2050.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETLATEST TREND

• In May 2021, the company Ferrari announced a revamped V12 engine for the model 812 in the limited-edition series of Competizione A and Competizione vehicle versions.
• In September 2020, the company Bosch revealed a new EVO spark plug which is primarily for applications with new variants of turbocharged GDI engines. The product incorporates design improvements as well as a higher 45 kV dielectric strength. 
• Bosch and Weichai Power boost efficiency of Weichai truck diesel engines from 46% to 50%. 
  • Along with the increase in injection pressure to 2,500 bar, Bosch has worked on its fuel injection systems. 
  • High injector flow rates make it possible to optimize the combustion strategy and achieve high engine performance.
• The company Bosch is a leading developer of fuel injection technology has recently developed its Advance PFI system concept.
  • The company also developed a Twin injection system which is capable of being fuel efficient and emit less gas.
• Delphi technologies has launched a new Hartride DPF 200 (diesel Particulate matter) cleaning machine for medium and light duty applications that delivers a highly effective cleaning solution.
• As of 2020, a leading engineering company PurePower Technologies has launched 23 new premium quality and light duty turbo diesel fuel injectors.
• In the year 2020, the company Delphi Technologies introduced a newly developed GDI system with 500+ bar, it reduces the particulate emissions by nearly 50% as compared to other systems.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETMERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

• The company Cummins Inc. has signed a letter of intent in the month of June 2021 with Rush Enterprises to acquire 50% equity interest in the Fuel Momentum Technologies developed by Rush Enterprises. It provides the first of kind complete compressed natural gas fuel system for class 6-8 vehicles.

• As of October 2020, BorgWarner Inc. announced the acquisition of Delphi Technologies at a whopping $3.3 billion deal. The deal is estimated to enhance the capabilities and scale of BorgWarner, making it a leader in electrified propulsion systems.
• On 22 October 2018, FCA announced that Magneti Marelli was being bought by its holding company CK Holdings, to be merged with the Japanese automotive company Calsonic Kansei for $7.2 billion, a deal that would create one of the world’s largest auto parts suppliers.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETCOMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• In January 2021, The company Westport Fuel Systems joined hands with Scania to begin a research project to apply HPDI 2.0 fuel system making in use of hydrogen to the new vehicle engine launched by Scania.
• Stanadyne a company producing diesel fuel injector systems has partnered with Liebherr to supply diesel fuel injector systems as well as their service for on and off road engines.
• Magneti Marelli S.Pa : Currently known as Marelli, it is an Italian automotive part manufacturer which generated a turnover of €8.2 billion in 2017 and specializes in providing parts to the motorsport industry as well. They provide cam driven GDI pumps to the motorsport racing industry, which is known for its high volumetric efficiency over 90%. They also provide injectors for the motorsport industry.
• Robert Bosch GmBH : Popular and well known part manufacturer to the automotive industry, Bosch has been pioneering in GDI systems since 1951 and since then been a leader in supplying GDI systems to automotive OEMs. In terms of GDI, Bosch pioneered a enhanced homogeneous and lean burn combustion.
• Denso: is a leading Japanese automotive parts manufacturer which has now produced gasoline injectors for more than 40 years and specializing in the fuel spray and GDI pumps. 50% of Denso’s products are singly sold to Toyota for their passenger vehicles. Denso is aggressive in their R&D and spent 9.4% of their revenue on R&D in the previous fiscal year. The company made an operating revenue of 474billion USD in the previous year.
• Delphi: Among other, Delphi is proud of their GDI system due to substantially reduced particulate emissions, 70% fewer and smaller particles, advanced componentry built for precision and endurance, improved performance, and lower fuel pump noise thresholds and greatly improved efficiency.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETINDIAN LANDSCAPE

Since April1, 2020, the Government of India has banned the sale and registration of motor vehicles conforming to the emission standard Bharat Stage IV in the entire country. This has given rise to auto manufacturers also needing to comply with the new Bharat Stage VII guidelines.

According to these BS6 norms, the NOx limit has been reduced from 80mg to 60mg, PM limit which was non existent has been set at 4.5mg/km for gasoline vehicles. As far as diesel vehicles are concerned, the NOx limit has been reduced from 250mg to 80mg, PM limit from 25mg to 4.5mg/km, and HC+NOx limits have been reduced from 300mg to 170mg.

Such stringent requirements have also forced auto manufacturers to release BS6 compliant vehicles which are much cleaner and more efficient. Some standout points of the BS6 in terms of the engine are mandatory DPF and SCR in all diesel vehicles.

Besides these, Real Driving Emission (RDE) will measure a vehicle’s emissions in real time conditions against laboratory conditions. OBD and catalytic convertors have also been made mandatory.

The most relevant point is the introduction of EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) instead of carburettor and this is surely going to change the need for better and more efficient fuel injection systems. GDI, in principle, ensures higher pressure of fuel injection into the cylinder and therefore better combustion of the fuel-air mixture.

Better combustion means better efficiency and therefore direct injection strategies will be largely implemented in the cars in the future. Since gasoline vehicles contribute to a major chunk of the Indian passenger car market, GDI will certainly see a boom in the upcoming years.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETCONCLUSION

The automotive industry is going through a transformational time where the powertrain is taking new shapes. The drivetrain is changing from a completely fuel driven variant to either hybrid or fully electric driven variants.

Nevertheless, in terms of fully electric drive, the implementation and usability still remain a challenge and therefore will take a few years until it confidently reaches the hands of a common man. Until then, there are visible changes we can witness in terms of drive train improvements and its efficiency.

The improvement in injection strategies have a great impact on the cleanliness and efficiency of the vehicles and therefore GDI strategies will continue to increase in demand even for hybrid vehicles where downsized engines will be used. Especially in countries in the Europe, implementation of superior GDI technologies will be fast paced due to their stricter emission regulations and CO2 targets.

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKET SEGMENTATION

GDI MarketBy Geography

• China
• Asia Ex China
• Europe
• US
• ROW

GDI MarketByEngine Displacement

• Less than 1.5L
• 5-2.5L
• More than 2.5L

GDI MarketByComponents

• Fuel pump
• Injector
• Common rail

GDI MarketByOEM

• Toyota
• GM
• VW Group
• Hyundai-KIA
• Renault
• Nissan
• Ford
• Honda
• Stellantis Group
• Chinese OEMs
• Other OEMs

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM MARKETCOMPANIES PROFILED

• Magneti Marelli S.Pa
• Robert Bosch GmBH
• Denso
• Delphi
• Continental
• Hitachi
• Stanadyne
• Mahle GmBH
• Eaton