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Serological reagents are substances that contain antibodies or antigens that are used in serological tests. Serological tests are laboratory procedures that detect the presence or absence of antibodies or antigens in a person’s blood or other body fluids.
Serological tests can help diagnose various diseases, such as infections, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and cancers. Serological tests can also be used to determine a person’s blood type or immune status.
Some of the common types of serological reagents are:
Antisera: These are solutions that contain antibodies that are obtained from animals or humans that have been immunized with a specific antigen. Antisera are used to identify antigens on a person’s cells or in a person’s sample. For example, antisera are used to perform blood typing by detecting the antigens on a person’s red blood cells that determine their blood type.
Antigens: These are substances that can stimulate an immune response and cause the production of antibodies in the body. Antigens can be derived from microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, or from other sources, such as proteins, polysaccharides, or chemicals.
Antigens are used to identify antibodies in a person’s sample. For example, antigens are used to detect antibodies against infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori , HIV , or hepatitis B virus .
Enzymes: These are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body. Enzymes can be attached to antibodies or antigens to create enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which are widely used serological tests that measure the amount of antibodies or antigens in a sample by producing a colorimetric, fluorescent, or chemiluminescent signal. For example, enzymes are used to detect antibodies against allergens, such as peanuts, eggs, or milk.
Fluorophores: These are molecules that emit light of a specific wavelength when they are excited by light of another wavelength. Fluorophores can be attached to antibodies or antigens to create fluorescent immunoassays (FIAs), which are serological tests that measure the amount of antibodies or antigens in a sample by detecting the fluorescence signal.
For example, fluorophores are used to detect antibodies against autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or celiac disease
The Global Serological Reagents market accounted for $XX Billion in 2022 and is anticipated to reach $XX Billion by 2030, registering a CAGR of XX% from 2024 to 2030.
Agilent Technologies Inc announced the availability of the Agilent Dako SARS-CoV-2 IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit for the qualitative identification of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in human serum or plasma.
The kit, which represents Agilent’s entry into SARS-CoV-2 testing in the United States, has completed the FDA notification process in compliance with Section IV.D of the FDA’s “Policy for Coronavirus Disease-2019 Tests During the Public Health Emergency (Revised)”.
The assay is expected to be registered in more markets, including Canada, Europe, and selected Asia Pacific and Latin American countries.
The kit is a two-step qualitative indirect ELISA for detecting human IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S1 RBD protein. It is designed to aid in the identification of individuals who have an adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2, indicating recent or prior infection.
The SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA kit from Agilent was found to be a very accurate immunoassay with 98.9% sensitivity and 98.8% specificity in a clinical investigation.
