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Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) a key feature of active safety system helps to steer the vehicle with better traction when brakes are applied. This is achieved by preventing the locking of wheels.
ABS offer benefits such as stable braking on all kinds of road surfaces, reducing the wear and tear of the tyres and reducing the braking distance. The increased adoption of ABS in 2 wheelers has been one of the major driving factors of ABS market.
Approximately 1.35 million people die in road mishaps every year, thereby leading to increase in the inclusion of ABS and other vehicular safety feature.
The regulations to make ABS mandatory in every passenger cars and motorcycles across the world are the major factor impacting the ABS market.
The replacement of traditional proportional brake valves and combinational brake valves in case of dysfunction of ABS has increased the opportunities.
In future, the integration of electronics in braking system such as EBD and ESP will reduce the fitment of the valves in the system. The sensors are witnessed to be the fastest growing segment as the mandate to fit ABS speed sensors in all 4 wheels will boost the market. The ECU is the highest revenue generating component of all.
The passenger cars are the largest revenue generating market in the ABS segment. Hydraulic ABS is the most commonly found in the passenger cars.
In the market the commercial vehicles were the first to be mandated to be equipped with the ABS. The pneumatic ABS has the higher penetration in the high duty commercial vehicles, whereas the hydraulic ABS is featured in the light duty commercial vehicles.
The ABS among 2 wheelers is seen growing rapidly. The 2 wheelers come with dual and single channel ABS. The single channel ABS holds the majority of the share more than 3/4th of the market. The single channel ABS is fitted to the front wheel and is found in mid-budget vehicles and with less power.
The below graph shows the ABS market share based on vehicle type:
US made it mandatory to install ABS in passenger cars in 2013 and for motorcycles in 2018. Every passenger car is made compulsory to fit 4 channel 4 sensors ABS.
The US commercial vehicle fleet is the largest in the world and the ABS penetration among CV is highest in the region.
The first region to mandate the ABS in cars in 2004, and has passed the law to mandate the fitment ABS the motorcycles with ABS in 2016 has been the leader in the market.
The presence of major manufacturers such as Veoneer, Bosch, Continental and ZF has increased the potential of the European ABS market.
The passenger cars and light duty commercial vehicles like trailers were mandated to equip ABS in 2018. ABS in heavy duty commercial vehicles was made compulsory in 2017.
Every new 2 wheelers launched in China is mandatorily fitted with ABS. Continental and Huyau Brake Systems the JV has started operation in its Chongqing area.
India has already mandated to fit ABS in every passenger car and 2-wheeler above 125 cc launched after April 2019. Over 85% of the Indian 2 wheelers are sub 150-200 cc thus, the single channel ABS occupy the dominating market share.
Continental AG occupies the ABS market in India and has begun localizing ABS since 2016 and has completed 2 million units at its Gurgaon plant. The production plant of ECU for ABS was set up in Bangalore in 2018, which has produced 1 million ECUs already.
To reduce the cost of replacement of faulty ABS, research activities is witnessed in the segment. Meyle AG Hamburg based company has developed a sensor kit, which detects for any defective sensor ring and helps to replace the sensor ring only and thus reducing the cost of replacing the entire wheel hub.
In the event ABS loses battery to the controller the dash warning light for the ABS may not illuminate to warn the driver. In April 2020, Paccar Inc recalled almost half a million Peterbilt and Kenworth tractors owing to faulty ABS warning light.
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM (ABS) MARKET RECENT ADVANCEMENT
The enhanced safety function known as Electronic Stability Control (ESC) works in tandem with ABS. By applying brakes to specific wheels only and varying engine power, it helps to avoid skidding and loss of control. The engine power and brake pressure are adjusted by ESC to help maintain stability when it notices that the car is not responding to the driver’s steering inputs.
Brake Assist System (BAS): BAS is a piece of equipment that recognizes when the driver has to brake quickly and applies more brake pressure to help the driver apply maximum braking effort. It detects abrupt and forceful pedal applications and automatically increases braking force to shorten stopping distances.
The Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD) system balances the braking pressure applied to the front and rear wheels.It adjusts the brake pressure to each wheel for better stability and stopping power while taking into account a variety of factors, including the weight of the vehicle, weight transfer while braking, and the state of the road.
Regenerative Braking: Regenerative braking is a technique that helps electric and hybrid cars recover energy lost during braking and acceleration. The electric motor functions as a generator when the driver applies the brakes, transforming kinetic energy into electrical energy that is then stored in the battery for later use. This technology aids in extending the driving distance and improving the vehicle’s overall efficiency.
Advanced sensors, cameras, and radar technologies are used by predictive braking systems to identify possible dangers or impediments in front of the vehicle. These sensors’ data can be examined, To lessen the chance of crashes, the system can anticipate the need for braking and start pre-emptive braking.
Electronic signals are used instead of the typical mechanical connections between the brake pedal and the brakes in brake-by-wire systems. Input from the pedal is detected by sensors in these systems, which then send electronic signals to the actuators that regulate the brakes. Brake-by-wire technologies enable for connection with other cutting-edge driver assistance systems and more precise control over braking.
The leading manufacturers of ABS are also extending the production line to other ADAS features such as ESC and EBD. Autolive leading active and passive safety providing company under the name Veoneer has been the major player in Europe. Some of the other important manufacturers are Continental (Germany), Bosch (Germany), Advics (Japan), ZF (Germany), Wabco (US) and Hitachi (Japan).